Fluid-pump mechanism



F. C. GUERRLICH.

FLUID PUMP MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1, 1919.

1,42 3,559. Patented July 25, 1922.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY F. C. GUERRLICH.

FLUID PUMP MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1. 1919.

Patented July 25, 1922.

6 SHEETSSHEET 2.

F. C. GUERRLICH.

FLUID PUMP MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1, i919.

Patented July. 25, 1922.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

7 nw/avro/e F6 [izmrrlm/a, V

it? ATTORNEY F. C. GUERRLICH.

FLUID PUMP MECHANISM.

. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1, I919. 1,423,55. Patented y 25, 1922.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

INVENTOR By F6 fiuem lzbli A TTO Y6 F. C. GUERRLlCH.

FLUID PUMP MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED 0'50. 1. 1919.

1,423,559, Patented July 25, 1922.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

6'3 IN vk/v TO I? F. C. GUERRLICH.

FLUIDPUMP MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1. 1919.

Patented July 25, 1922.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6- FREDERICK cnennns sensation, on STAMFORD,oonnne'rroor.

FLUID-Elfin? MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 25, 1922.

Application field December 1,1912%. Serial No. 341,680.

To o7? ufmmc't may conccwt:

Be it known that I, Fnnnnnion C. men, at Stamford, county of llairfield,State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new Gnnnnand usefulImprovement in Fluid-Pump liflechanism, of which the following is, afull, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvcmentsin fluid pumps by which I mean pumpsadapted for pumping air and other fluids, and has for its object toprovide a pump of very high volumetric eflicienoy for a small size andweight. it further has for its object to pro vide a convertible pumpwhich is adapted to be actuated as a motor by stored air or gas, or by afluid from. another pump.

One feature of my invention consists in a plurality of pairs ofoppositely located cylinders, having pistons therein and a common pistonrod therefor. Another feature of my invention consists in the use of acrank shaft and eccentrics thereon for actuating said' piston rods.Another feature of my invention. consists in actuating said pump" by ashaft which revolves in one direction and causes the pump cylinders torevolve in the OQJOSltG direction Ai'iotlier feature .of my inventionconsists in providing novel means for causing said air under pressure todrive the pump mechanism a motor. Another feature of my inventionconsists of a cam and connecting mechanism for controlling certainvalves at the pump when acting to store air. Another feature consists inproviding novel means for controlling said valves of said pump mechanismto cause the nnnp mechanism to act as a motor. other :iioature of myinvention. consists of a novel automatic controlling valve for steppingthe storage action of the pump when the pressure in the storage tank hasreached a predetermined point.

The following is a description of an embodiment of my invention,reference being h ad to the accompanying drawings, in which,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a pump embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a section of: the same on vertical plane passing through theaxis of its shaft;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the pump on the line 3-3, Fig, 2;

Fig. l is an end elevation of the pump, certain parts outside thecasingbeing broken away;

a citizen ofthe United States, residing n lg. o is a eitical section onthe line oo G is a detail of a valve operating V 14 p big. l is afurther detail showing certain valve controlling parts in an actuatedposition;

F 1g. 8 1s a side elevation of the controlling canrseparated from thepump;

F 1g. 9 shows an automatic controlling; valve for my pump, the samebeing in fully closed position;

F 1g. 19 shows the same in its normally open position. while B g. 11shows the same opened'itor supplying the 3.11 to-run the pump. as motor,and I I h i2 is a section of a pump cylinder on the line 12-12, F 1g. 2.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, ll and 2 2 are two pairsof; cylinders located. at right angles to one another upon a casing 23.l-.4; and 5-5 are two pairs of pistons for said cylinders, one pair ofpistons being connectedby a riaid piston rod 6. while the other pair ofpistons is connected by a rigid piston rod 7 Thesepiston rods passthrough suitable stufling bones, as shown at S, and have elongatedcross-sections, the major axes being parallel to a vertical plane so asto resist the strains which are also parallel to said plane.

Each piston rod is provided with a hoop or band forming an opening andconstituting an eccentric strap. lVithin these opennns eccentrics 9 and10, which are rigidly connected together, as shown in Fig. 2, beingpreferably formed from a single These eccentrics are revolvablv mountedupon a crank-pin 11. of a cranlishaft 12. journaled at one end in abearing carried by a stationary support 13 and at the other in astationary support 14:. The eccentrics 9 and 10 and the shaft '12 bear apeculiar relation to one another as follows: The centers of the. disks 9and 10 andv axis of the crank-pin 11 are in line with one another, theaXis of the crank-pin being half way between the other two centers andthe distance between the axis of the crank-pin and either of said othercenters is equalto the distance between the axis of the crank pin andthe axis of the shaft 12. When the partsare-so proportioned, therevolution of the shaft 12 will cause the piston rods and pistons toreciprocate within their cylinders and conversely, when pressure isapplied to the cylinders successively, the pistons will cause the shaft12 to rotate. By using the crank-shaft and eccentrics above described,located and proportioned as above specified, I am enabled to dispensewith the ordinary connecting rod commonly employed in pumps and toreduce the dimensions ofthe pump relatively to the throw of its piston Iam also enabled to obtain for each piston a throw equal to twice thelength of the crank plus twice the eccentricity or crank-arm of itseccentric, whereas the maximum throw with an ordinary crank andconnecting rod is equal simply to twice the length of the crank.

The pump cylinders are provided with the ordinary inlet and outlet portsand the ordinary inlet valves 15-15 and outlet valves 1616, the samebeing poppet valves controlled by springs 17 and 18 in the ordinarymanner. The inlet valves in the pump shown are connected with theexternal air, while the outlet valves discharge into chambers 19. Fromthe chambers 19 lead pipes 20 which discharge into a manifold 21,rotatably mounted upon the shaft 12, from which it is collected by asleeved pipe 22 and conducted to the point at which it is to be used.

The cylinders 11 and 2-2 with their inlet and outlet valves are alldouble-acting cylinders and the capacity of the pump is accordinglyincreased. In order to further increase the capacity of the pump at agiven speed of its shaft 12, I construct the pump in such a way that asthe shaft 12 is revolved in one direction the pump cylinders and thecasing to which they are connected revolve in the other direction. Theserates of revolution under some conditions may be such as desired, butthe result is that for a given rate of revolution of the shaft thepistons make as many reciprocations relatively to their cylinders asthough the speed of the shaft were its own. speed plus the speed of thecylinders. In the present embodiment the speed. of the cylinders isequal and opposite to that of the shaft for reasons Which. will appear.

In order to secure this double revolution action, I provide a spider 23,which is keyed by the key 24 to the support 13 so as to be fixedrelatively thereto. I mount on this spider at intervals adjacent to itsperiphery shafts 25 011 which are revolvably mounted gears 26-2. rigidlyconnected. together. I mount upon the shaft 12 a gear 28 keyed so as torevolve therewith, the same meshing with the gears 26, and mount uponthe easing of the pump a gear 29 with. which the gears 27 engage. Thepump casing is journaled at one end upon the spider 23, as shown at 30,and at the other end is car- 'fore referred. to.

preserve this gear ratio in an apparatus used merely for ordinarypumping purposes, but in the present embodiment it should be prescut onaccount of the valve control hereinafter described.

The pump, as described, is intended to supply air through the pipe 22for an internal combustion engine such, for instance, as the engine ofan aeroplane. Since it is,

in that connection, desirable to use the pump as a starter for such anengine, and also to be able to use it to fill a storage tank with airunder pressure for starting purposes, I provide each cylinder with anadditional or supplemental valve 3.1 held to its seat by a spring 32,which spring is of suilicient tension to hold the valve closed againstthe ordinary pump pressures. These valves discharge into a suplementaldischarge system 33, which, through a pipe 34t, discharges into achamber 35 of the manifold hereto This manifold revolves within thecollector tains a chamber 37, into which air delivered by the pipe 20discharges, and from which it passesthrough suitable ports to the pipe22. The collector also contains a chamber 38, which collects air fromthe section 35 of 105 the manifold and discharges it througl'i a pipe89'and an intermediate automatic controller to the tank 40. Theautomatic controller just referred to consists of a valve casing 4-1,having a rod. 42 passing there- 170 through, which rod carries a 'alve4-3 and a piston 44, engaging a suitable seat and cylinder. the samebeing normally held in downward posit-ion so that the valve 43 is openedby a sprin a. washer 4-6. The spring 4:5 is in a vented chamber 41-5. hevalve stem 41-2 is provided with a head 47 against which the nose 4L8 ofa lever 4-9, pivoted at 50 and actuated by a link 51, is adapted toengage so as to 120 depress the valve stem 42 when desired. The upperend of the valve stem 42 is connected to the arm 52 of two bell-cranklevers pivoted at 53. Each bell-crank lever is provided with a slotwhich surrounds pin 54 1 5 mounted upon a projection from the innersurface of a stationary cam member 55 carried and guided by rods 56(Fig. 4:) carried by the part 1 1-. This cam member is for controllingcertain valves when the pump is op- 130 sleeve 36, which con- 45., whichbears against erated to fill the storage tank and also for controllingthem when the flow of the fluid to the machine is reversed so as to runit as a motor.

It is necessary, on account of the high pressure, that the valves 31should be opened to permit the air to pass and the valves 16 should bepositively closed so as to not permit the air to pass through them atthat time. In order to secure this action, I provide for each valve 31 alever 57 pivotedto the casing at 58 and having its nose 59 hearingagainst the cam 55. The load arm of each lever 57 acts upon a rod 60carried by the pump casing, which in turn acts upon a lever 61 so thatwhen the arm 57 is moved toward the left the lever 61 causes the valve31 to be lifted from its seat. The arm 57 also acts upon a rod 62normally held in retracted position at its spring 63, and causes the rod62 to engage the valve stem of the valve 16 when the valve 31 is liftedso as to hold the valve 16 firmly to its seat. The cam 55 determineswhen the lever 57 shall be actuated so as to cause these opening andholding actions upon the valves 31 and 16. In order to actuate thelevers 57, the cam 55 is provided with twelve surfaces, divided intogroups of three, and adapted to act upon the four levers 57 according tohow the cam 55 is positioned. In the first position, the normal pumpingposition, the noses 59 of the levers 57 bear against a plaincircumferential. surface, indicated by the letters 0;m -0, a, Fig.- 8.In the second position of the cam 55 the noses 59 bear againstalternately rising and falling surfaces, the rising surfaces beingindicated by the letters bc 5 -0*. With the cam 55 in this secondposition the apparatus acts to pump air to the storage tank 40. In thethird position, motor position, the noses also bear against surfaceswhich rise and fall, the rising surfaces being The surfaces bb are sodisposed relatively to the surfaces c0 of the same set that one pair ofthem is offset relatively to the other by The surfaces b 5 are alsodisplaced from c 0 by 90. The several rises ?)Z) are arranged so as tobe 45 ahead of the risers 5 -4) so that when the valve 16 of onecylinder is about to be held closed by one of the Z) series, the valve16 of the next cylinder (clockwise of the shaft) will have been released for half a period, the valve 16 of the third cylinder will beabout to be released and'the valve 16 of the fourth cylinder will havebeen held closed for half a period. The result is that when the pump isrunning normally as a pump the valves 31 remain on their seats and theinlet and outlet valves of the pump operate in ordinary fashion. Whenthe cam 55 is shifted so that the surfaces Z)c b c come into play, theycause the valves 31 to be opened and the valves 16 to beheld to theirseats during the inward discharge strokes of the pistons so as to forceair into the tank 40, and when the cam is shifted so that. the surfaces0b o b* come into play the valves 31 are opened and the valves 16 areheld to their seats during the movements of the pi tons in the outwardstrokes, the pumpthen acting as a motor under the influence of thecompressed air within the storage tank.

The automatic controller acts follows: After air from the valves 31. haspassed through the pipe 39 and the automatic controller into the tank4&0 and charged the tank to the desired degree of pressure, the pressureon the piston M closes the valve 13 so as toshut oil the tank 10. At thesame time the rod 12 actuated by the piston 14 acts through the levers52 to shift the cam mem ber 55 so that the noses of the levers 57 reston the plain portions aa -a -w* of the cam, thus throwing the pump outof action so far as supplying air to the tank 1-0 is concerned. If thepressure inthe tank 10 becomes reduced below a predetermined point forany reason. the spring depresses the piston 4A and valve 13 so as toopen the passage to the tank 40 and. at the same time moves the cam 55through the bell-crank lever 52 so as to bring the noses of the levers57 in line with the surfaces Z2c b c of the cam 55, whereuponthecharging of the tank eO is resumed. If it is desired to draw air fromthe tank 41:0 and operate the pumping mechanism thereby as a motor. thelever 51 is moved toward. the right until the nose 48 of the lever 1-9,engaging the head 17, depresses the stem 42 so to open the valve 43 andalso move the cam 55 to the left a sufficient distance to cause theportions cb c b to come in line with the noses 59 of the lever 57. Thisacts to supply air to the inner side of the cylinders 11, 22 in suchorder that the pumping mechanism is thereby driven as a motor, thevalves 16 being held closed whenever the corresponding valves 31 areopen. In this way means are provided for automatically starting andstopping the charging of the tank 10 and for connecting the tank 420with the pump mechanism so as to drive it a motor. The valve 4-3 inFigs. 2 and 9 is shown as closed. In Fig. 10 it is shown as open, thelever 52 having been shifted by the spring 45 so as to cause the pump tosupply air under pressure to the tank 10. In Fig. 11 the valve stem 12is shown to be still furtherdepressed by the action of the lever 4:59,the position being such that the tank 10 will be connected to the pumppistons and the cam 55 will be in such a position as to control thevalves 31 and 16 tuate the valves 31 to cause the pump mechanism tosupply air to the tank 40, the valves 31 being open and the valves 16being closed during the inward strokes of the pistons.

When the valve 43 is once closed it is held to its seat by the pressureupon the piston 44 and also any unbalanced pressure due to the" air inthe tank 40. The larger the piston 44 the more strongly the valve 43 isheld to its seat under all conditions. In order that the valve 43 may beheld to its seat after the pressure on the piston 44 has been reducedconsiderably below tank pressure, on account of leakage in connections39, I make the valve 43 larger than the piston 44. Thus if the piston 44is sufiiciently large to overcome the spring 45 at a predeterminedcharging pressure and the valve 43 is one and onehalf times as large asthe piston 44, the pressure on the valve 48 tending to hold it closedwill keep it closed until the pressure in the tank has fallen to belowtwo-thirds of the pressure which was required to close it through theaction of the piston 44 against the spring 45, i. e., if the closingpressure I is 50 pounds and the pressure in the piping is lost, thevalve 48 will remain closed so long as the tank pressure is abovetwo-thirds of the closing pressure, the tank pressure on it being whenfirst closed 25 pounds above that required to overcome spring 45. Itwould remain closed until enough air leaked from the tank to reduce itspressure to below 381} pounds.

While in the embodiment shown there are two pairs of cylinders and twopairs of pietons, this is for the purpose of showing the simplest formof embodiment. In embodying my invention a plurality of pairs ofcylinders and a. corresponding number of pistons is necessary,diametrically opposite pistons being connected by rigid piston rods andthe general rule is that the cylinders should be spaced around an axisso that the angle between any two adjacent cylinders shall be equal to360 divided. by the total number of cylinders and the connection between the piston rods and the crank-pin of the crank-shaft whetherconnected by eccen trics or other form of connector should be such thatthe connector is pivotally connected to each piston rod and revolvablymounted upon the crank-pin, the distance between each pivotal connectionand the center of the crank-pin being equal to the distance between theaxes of the shaft and crank-pin, and the angle between lines passingthrough the center of any two adjacent pivotalconnections and the centerof the crank-pin being twice the angle between any two adjacentcylinders. Thus, in the embodiment shown, there are two pairs ofcylinders, m aking four cylinders in all, and adjacent cylinders aredisplaced from one another by anvided by the total number of cylinders,pistons in said c linders oiston rods rigidl connecting the pistons ofeach pair of cylinders, a crank-shaft having a. crank-pin, and

a connector rotatably mounted upon said crank-pin and having pivotalconnections with said rigid piston rodsythe angle be tween lines oiningthe axis of the crank-pin and any two adjacent pivotal connections beingequal to twice the angle between two adjacent cylinders.

2; Ina pump mechanism, the combination of a plurality of pairs ofcylinders spaced at angles to one another equal to 360 divided. by thetotal number of cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, piston rodsrigidly connecting the pistons of each pair of cylinders, a crank-shafthaving crank-pin, and a connector comprising a plurality of rigidlyconnected eccentrics, equal in number to said piston rods, rotatablymounted on the crankpin of said shaft and embraced by said rigid pistonrods respectively, the centers of said eccentrics being displacedrelatively to the axis of said crank by twice the angle be tween twoadjacent cylinders and symmetrically arranged relatively to said crank,the distances between the centers of said eccentrics and said crank-pinbeing equal to the distance between the axis of said crank-pin and theaxis of said shaft.

3. In a'pump mechanism, the combination of a plurality of pairs ofcylinders spaced at angles to one another equal to 360 divided by thetotal number ot cylinders pistons in said cylinders, piston rods rigidlyconnc i=ting the pistons oi? each pair of cylinders, a crank-shafthaving am'ank-pin, a plurality ot rigidly connected eccentrics equal innumber tosaid piston rods and rotatably mounted on the crank-pin of saidshaft and embraced by said rigid piston rods respectively, the centersof said eccentrics being displaced relatively to the axis of said crankby twice the angle between two adjacent cylinders and symmetricallyarranged relatively to said crank, the distance between the centers ofsaid eccentrics and said crank-pin being equal to the distance betweenthe axis of: said crank-pin and the axis 01 said shaft, a

gear rigidly mounted on said shaft, a gear rigidly connected "to saidcylinders, two gears rigidly connected together and engagingrespectively with the gears connected to said cylinders and shaft, and afixed carrier for said connected gears, said cylinders and shaft beingrevolvable in opposite directions, and the ratio ofthe rigidly connected gears being equal to the ratio of their respective movable gears.

d. In a pump mechanism, the combination of a plurality of pairs ofcylinders spaced at angles to on another equal to 360 divided by thetotal. number of cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, piston rodsrigidly connecting the pistons of each pair of eylinders, a crankshafthaving a crank-pin, a plurality of rigidly connected eccentrics equal innumber to said piston rods and rotatably mounted on the crank-pin ofsaid shaft and embraced by said rigid piston rods respectively, thecenters of said eccentrics being displaced relatively to the axis ofsaid crank by twice the angle between two adjacent cylinders andsymmetrically arranged relatively to said CIELDK, the distance betweenthe centers of said eccentrics and said crank-pin being equal to thedistance between the axis of said cranlepin and the axis of said shaft,regular inlet and outlet ports for said cylinders, supplemental outletports for said. cylinders, an air chamber connected to said supplementaloutlet ports, and means for holding said regular outlet ports closed andopening said supplemental outlet ports successively to actuate saidpump,

5. In a pump mechanism, the combination of a plurality of pairs ofcylinders spaced at angles to one another equal to 360 divided by thetotal number of cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, piston rodsrigidly connecting the pistons of each pair of cylinders, a crank-shafthaving a. crank-pin, a plurality of rigidly connected eccentrics equalin number to said piston rods and rotatably mounted on the crank-pin ofsaid shaft and embraced by said rigid piston rods respectively, thecenters of said eccentrics being displaced relatively to the axis ofsaid crank by twice the angle between two adjacent cylinders andsymmetrically arranged relatively to said crank, the distance betweenthe centers of said eccentrics and said crank-pin being equal to thedistance between the axis of said crank-pin and the axis of said shaft,regular inlet and outlet ports for said cylinders, supplemental outletports for said cylinders, an air chamber connected to said supplementaloutlet ports, means for holding said regular outlet ports closed andopening said supplemental outlet ports successively to actuate saidpump, and means for throwing said holding means in. and out of action.

6. In a pump mechanism, the combination of a plurality of pairs ofcylinders spaced at angles to one another equal to 360 divided by thetotal number of cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, piston rodsrigidly connecting the pistons of each pair of cylinders a crank-shafthaving a crank-pin, a plurality of rigidly connected. eccentrics equalin nuniher to said piston rods and rotatably mount ed on the crank-pinof said shaft and embraced by said rigid piston rods respectively, thecenters of said eccentrics being displaced relatively to the axis ofsaid crank by twice the angle between two adjacent cylinders andsymmetrically arranged relatively to said crank, the distance betweenthe centers of said eccentrics and said crank-pin being equal to thedistance between the axis of said crankpin and the axis of said shaft,regular inlet and outlet ports for said cylinders, supplemental outletports for said cylinders, an air chamber connected to said supplementaloutlet ports, means for holding said regular outlet ports closed andopening said supplemental outlet ports successively to actuate said pumpto charge Said air chamber, and means for automatically closing theconnection between said supple mental outlet ports and said chamber whenthe pressure in said chamber reaches a predetern'iined point.

7. In a pump mechanism, the combination of a plurality of pairs ofcylinders spaced at angles to one another equal to 860 divided by thetotal number of cylinders, pistons in said cylinders piston rods rigidlyconnecting the pistons of each pair of cylinders, a crank-shaft having acrank pin, a plurality of rigidly connected eccentrics equal in numberto said piston rods and rotatably mounted on the crank-pin of said shaftand embraced by said rigid piston rods respectively, the centers of saideccentries being displaced relatively to the axis of said crank by twicethe angle between two adjacent cylinders and symmetrically arrangedrelatively to said crank, the distance between the centers of saideccentrics and said crank-pin being equal to the distance between theaxis of said crank-pin and the axis of said shaft, regular inlet andoutlet ports for said cylinders, supplemental outlet ports for saidcylinders, an air chamber connected to said supplemental outlet ports,means for holding said regular outlet ports closed and opening saidsupple mental outlet ports successively to actuate said pump, means forautomatically closing the connection between said supplemental outletports and said chamber when the pressure in said chamber reaches apredetermined point, and means for opening said connection when desiredand throwing said holding means into action.

8. In a pump mechanism, the combination of a plurality of pairs ofcylinders spaced at angles to one another equal to 360 divided by thetotal number of cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, piston rodsrigidly connecting the pistons of each pair of cylinders, a crank-shafthaving a crankpin, a plurality of rigidly connected eccentrics equal innumber to said piston rods and rotatably mounted on the crank-pin ofsaid shaft and embraced by said rigid piston rods respectively, thecenters of said eccentrics being displaced relatively to the axis ofsaid crank by twice the angle between two adjacent cylinders andsymmetrically arranged relatively to said crank, the distance betweenthe centers of said eccentrics and said crank-pin being equal to thedistance between the axis of said crank-pin and the axis of said shaft,a gear rigidly mounted on said shaft, a gear rigidly connected to saidcylinders, two gears rigidly connected together and engagingrespectively with the gears connected to said cylinders and shaft, afixed carrier for said connected gears, said cylinders and shaft beingrevolvable in opposite (lirec tions, the ratio of the rigidly connectedgears being equal to the ratio of their re spective movable gears, amanifold fixed relatively to said cylinders and connected with saidregular outlet ports and concentrio with the axis of said shaft, and astationary receiver continuously connected to said manifold.

9. In a pump mechanism, the combination of two pairs of pump cylindersat right angles to one another, piston rods rigidly connecting thepistons of each pair, a crankshaft, and a connector pivotally connectedto said piston rods and said crank-shaft, the pivotal connection to saidcrank-shaft being in line with the pivotal connections to said pistonrods and spaced therefrom by a distance equal to the crank arm of saidcrankshaft.

10. In a pump mechanism, the combination of two pairs of pump cylindersarranged at right angles, pistons therefor, rigid piston rods connectingthe pistons of each pair of cylinders, a crank-shaft rotatablerelatively thereto, two rigidly connected eccentrics rotatably mountedon the crank-pin of said shaft and embraced by said rigid piston rodsrespectively, the axis of said crank-pin being in line with the planepassing through two axes of said connected eccentrics and equally spacedfrom the axes of said eccentrics, said distance being equal,

to the distance between the axes of said crank-pin and its shaft, andinlet and outlet ports for said cylinders.

FREDERICK CHARLES GUERRLICH.

